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Learn About the OSI Model

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model is a seven-layer framework used to understand network interactions. Here are the seven layers explained:

Layer 1: Physical Layer

The Physical Layer deals with the physical connection between devices, including cables, switches, and the transmission of raw data bits over the network.

Layer 2: Data Link Layer

The Data Link Layer ensures reliable data transfer between devices on the same network. It handles MAC addresses and error detection/correction.

Layer 3: Network Layer

The Network Layer manages the routing of data packets across multiple networks. It deals with IP addresses, packet forwarding, and routing decisions.

Layer 4: Transport Layer

The Transport Layer is responsible for reliable end-to-end communication, flow control, and error recovery. It uses protocols like TCP and UDP.

Layer 5: Session Layer

The Session Layer establishes, manages, and terminates communication sessions between applications, ensuring data integrity and synchronization.

Layer 6: Presentation Layer

The Presentation Layer formats and translates data between the application and network layers. It also handles encryption, decryption, and data compression.

Layer 7: Application Layer

The Application Layer interacts directly with end-user applications, providing network services such as email, file transfer, and web browsing.